A new science advisory published in the Journal of the American Heart Association highlights the importance of international collaboration in reducing the risk of serious heart conditions for children with Kawasaki disease. The advisory, titled “Global Collaboration on Kawasaki Disease,” calls for inclusive, harmonized efforts to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes across all regions, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
Kawasaki disease is a rare but serious illness primarily affecting children under five. It causes inflammation of blood vessels, especially the coronary arteries, and is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries. Symptoms include fever, rash, red lips, and strawberry tongue. Prompt treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) can reduce the risk of coronary artery aneurysm from about 25% to less than 5%.
Despite its treatability, delayed diagnosis remains a major barrier, especially in regions with limited healthcare resources. According to the advisory, led by Dr. Ashraf S. Harahsheh of Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D.C., international data sharing and collaboration can help reduce disparities. “This science advisory underscores the power of international collaboration to advance research and improve care for patients everywhere,” Harahsheh said.
The advisory notes that while advances have been made in economically advanced countries through research collaborations, most current Kawasaki disease networks lack formal funding. It calls for partnerships that consider cultural needs, prioritize reducing barriers to care, and include patients, families, and advocacy groups. “Future international efforts should focus on working together to improve quality, building local expertise, mentoring clinical leaders, and strengthening care systems in LMICs,” Harahsheh added.
In the U.S., more than 4,200 children are diagnosed with Kawasaki disease annually. The disease occurs 10–30 times more often in East Asian countries like Japan and South Korea. The advisory was prepared for the American Heart Association’s Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, Kawasaki Disease Committee. While it does not make treatment recommendations, it informs future guidelines.
For more information, see the full manuscript online. Additional resources include a Spanish news release and previous statements on early detection and transition to adult care.
